The Paleo Diet originated with Dr. Loren Cordain, and has grown in popularity. The concept is to eat as humans were meant to eat - what our prehistoric ancestors ate. The difference here is that they consider wheat and other agricultural products to have come along later in our history so we were not evolved to eat those foods.
Among the leading exponents of the Paleo lifestyle (sometimes also called Primal or Caveman) are Robb Wolf, Mark Sisson, John Durant. The bookstore shelves are getting filled up with Paleo guidebooks and cookbooks. It must be becoming mainstream, although most people seem to still consider it fringe.
Many people have reported great success in adopting a hunter/gatherer diet. This also makes sense in that they have had to give up processed foods/sugar wheat and other foods that various other diets are discouraging. It really doesn't stray far from what Gary Taubes has recommended (Duke University plan).
Good |
Avoid |
Meat |
Wheat |
Eggs (yolk too) |
Legumes |
Veggies |
Sugar |
nuts |
Dairy |
Avocado, coconut |
pasta |
Read "The New Age Cavemen" from the New York Times